Jordan's Energy Security: A Strategic Shift Toward Renewable Energy and Regional Integration

Jordan has historically faced significant energy security challenges, primarily due to its heavy reliance on imported energy sources. As of recent reports, the Kingdom imports approximately 96% of its energy needs, incurring an annual cost of around $3.6 billion, which constitutes about 13.5% of its GDP . This dependency exposes Jordan to external supply disruptions and price volatility, underscoring the urgency for a diversified and sustainable energy strategy.

Harnessing Renewable Energy: Solar and Wind Potential

Jordan's geographical location offers substantial potential for renewable energy, particularly solar and wind power. The country receives high solar irradiance, averaging between 5 to 7 kWh/m² per day, making it ideal for solar energy projects. Notable solar installations include the Baynouna Solar Power Plant, with a capacity of 200 MW, and the Shams Ma'an Solar Power Plant, generating 160 MW.

In the realm of wind energy, the Tafila Wind Farm stands out as the first and largest of its kind in the region, contributing 117 MW to the national grid . Collectively, these renewable energy projects have enabled Jordan to achieve a renewable energy penetration of approximately 27% in its total electricity consumption. The government aims to increase this share to 50% by 2030, reflecting a significant commitment to sustainable energy development .

Advancements in Energy Storage and Grid Stability

The integration of renewable energy sources necessitates enhancements in grid infrastructure to manage variability and ensure stability. Jordan has initiated the development of grid-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS) to address these challenges. These systems are expected to provide frequency regulation, peak shaving, and voltage support, thereby enhancing the reliability of the power supply.

Additionally, the Al-Mujib Dam pumped storage project, with a planned capacity of 450 MW, is poised to further bolster the country's energy storage capabilities, facilitating greater integration of renewable energy into the grid .

Regional Grid Connectivity: Fostering Stability and Cooperation

Jordan's strategic position in the Middle East enables it to play a pivotal role in regional energy cooperation. The country has established electricity interconnections with neighboring nations, including Syria and Lebanon. A notable development is Jordan's agreement to supply Lebanon with 250 MW of electricity via Syria, a project supported by the World Bank. Such initiatives not only enhance energy security but also promote regional stability through economic collaboration and interdependence.

Alignment with Jordan’s Economic Modernisation Vision

The transition toward renewable energy is a cornerstone of Jordan's Economic Modernisation Vision, which seeks to unleash the country's full economic potential and improve the quality of life for its citizens. By investing in sustainable energy infrastructure, Jordan aims to attract foreign investment, create job opportunities, and reduce the economic burden of energy imports. The vision emphasizes the development of high-growth sectors, with renewable energy identified as a key driver of economic diversification and resilience.

Jordan's proactive approach to enhancing energy security through the development of renewable energy sources and regional grid integration reflects a strategic commitment to sustainable growth and regional cooperation. By capitalizing on its natural resources and strategic location, Jordan is poised to transform its energy landscape, reduce dependency on imports, and contribute to regional stability. The alignment of these initiatives with the Economic Modernisation Vision underscores the integral role of energy in shaping a prosperous and sustainable future for the Kingdom.